Penggunaan Bahan Kimia dalam Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah: Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Prinsip Keamanan dan Kemaslahatan

Abstrak

This study examines the use of chemical substances from the perspective of *maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah*, focusing on the principles of safety (*ḥifẓ al-nafs*, protection of life) and public welfare (*maṣlaḥah*). The rapid expansion of chemical utilization in industry, education, and daily life has generated ethical and legal challenges, particularly concerning potential risks to human health and the environment. This research employs a normative legal approach through a comprehensive literature review of primary sources of Islamic law (the Qur’an, Sunnah, ijmā‘, and qiyās), as well as contemporary fiqh studies and maqāṣid theory as the main analytical framework. The findings indicate that Islamic law strongly mandates the protection of life and the promotion of human welfare through the principle of *lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār* (no harm and no reciprocating harm) and the application of *sadd al-dharā’i‘* (blocking the means to harm) in regulating hazardous chemical practices. The maqāṣid approach provides a normative foundation requiring that any use of chemical substances must fulfill criteria of safety, benefit, and the prevention of significant harm. In the context of modern regulation and practice, maqāṣid principles can serve as ethical and legal guidelines for evaluating policies related to the production, distribution, and utilization of chemical substances. This study contributes to an integrative understanding between science and Islamic law while offering practical recommendations for policymakers, educators, and practitioners from a sharī‘ah perspective. The implications of this research are relevant to the development of regulatory frameworks oriented toward the protection of human life and environmental sustainability.